Basic Connectors helps you communicate about basic logical relationships between ideas. Start with the meaning, notice the pattern, and then use it in complete sentences.
By the end of this lesson, you can
- I can connect basic ideas using addition, contrast, choice, result and reason.
- Recognise and build the form: clause + coordinator/subordinator + clause.
- Use the pattern accurately in a meaningful sentence.
Meaning and use
Use Basic Connectors for basic logical relationships between ideas. Always read the whole situation before choosing the form: grammar expresses a meaning, not only a pattern.
Mia speaks English and French.
Use 'and' to add similar information.
The room is small but comfortable.
Use 'but' to contrast two qualities.
Would you like tea or coffee?
Use 'or' to present alternatives.
clause + coordinator/subordinator + clauseKeep this pattern visible while you study the examples. Then cover it and rebuild one example from memory.
Key rules to notice
These rules explain why the form is correct. Focus on the subject, auxiliary, verb form, word order and time or meaning clues.
- Use 'and' to add similar information.
- Use 'but' to contrast two qualities.
- Use 'or' to present alternatives.
- Use 'so' before a result.
- Use 'because' before a reason.
Common mistakes
Not:Mia speaks English but French.
Use:Mia speaks English and French.
Use 'and' to add similar information.
Not:The room is small and comfortable.
Use:The room is small but comfortable.
Use 'but' to contrast two qualities.
Not:Would you like tea and coffee?
Use:Would you like tea or coffee?
Use 'or' to present alternatives.
Check before you practise
Complete each sentence mentally, then reveal the answer.
It was raining, ____ we stayed inside.
so
Use 'so' before a result.
We stayed inside ____ it was raining.
because
Use 'because' before a reason.
He was tired, ____ he finished the work.
but
Use 'but' for an unexpected contrast.